Addresses new unused-pattern-matching-variable warning on Coq master.

Fixes new Coq master warning deprecated-hint-without-locality.

This follows iris!387
This closes issue #54.

This feature is now deprecated in Coq master (see
https://github.com/coq/coq/pull/7791).

Instead of passing a partially-applied lemma directly to Hint Resolve,
first create a definition and then make that reference a hint.

This closes issue #49.

Paolo G. Giarrusso authored 5 years ago and Robbert Krebbers committed 5 years ago

- Ensure gmap well-formedness proofs are fully opaque.
- Use pattern-matching lambdas over lets.

- Rename `gmap.to_gmap` into `gset_to_gmap`.
- Rename `gmap.of_gset` into `gset_to_propset`.
- Rename `coPset.to_Pset` into `coPset_to_Pset`.
- Rename `coPset.of_Pset` into `coPset_to_gset`.
- Rename `coPset.to_gset` into `coPset_to_gset`.
- Rename `coPset.of_gset` into `gset_to_coPset`.

The following `sed` script can be used for the first rename:

```
sed -i 's/to\_gmap/gset\_to\_gmap/g' $(find ./theories -name \*.v)
```

The latter is context sensitive, so was done manually.

Get rid of using `Collection` and favor `set` everywhere. Also, prefer conversion
functions that are called `X_to_Y`.

The following sed script performs most of the renaming, with the exception of:

- `set`, which has been renamed into `propset`. I couldn't do this rename
  using `sed` since it's too context sensitive.
- There was a spurious rename of `Vec.of_list`, which I correctly manually.
- Updating some section names and comments.

```
sed '
s/SimpleCollection/SemiSet/g;
s/FinCollection/FinSet/g;
s/CollectionMonad/MonadSet/g;
s/Collection/Set\_/g;
s/collection\_simple/set\_semi\_set/g;
s/fin\_collection/fin\_set/g;
s/collection\_monad\_simple/monad\_set\_semi\_set/g;
s/collection\_equiv/set\_equiv/g;
s/\bbset/boolset/g;
s/mkBSet/BoolSet/g;
s/mkSet/PropSet/g;
s/set\_equivalence/set\_equiv\_equivalence/g;
s/collection\_subseteq/set\_subseteq/g;
s/collection\_disjoint/set\_disjoint/g;
s/collection\_fold/set\_fold/g;
s/collection\_map/set\_map/g;
s/collection\_size/set\_size/g;
s/collection\_filter/set\_filter/g;
s/collection\_guard/set\_guard/g;
s/collection\_choose/set\_choose/g;
s/collection\_ind/set\_ind/g;
s/collection\_wf/set\_wf/g;
s/map\_to\_collection/map\_to\_set/g;
s/map\_of\_collection/set\_to\_map/g;
s/map\_of\_list/list\_to\_map/g;
s/map\_of\_to_list/list\_to\_map\_to\_list/g;
s/map\_to\_of\_list/map\_to\_list\_to\_map/g;
s/\bof\_list/list\_to\_set/g;
s/\bof\_option/option\_to\_set/g;
s/elem\_of\_of\_list/elem\_of\_list\_to\_set/g;
s/elem\_of\_of\_option/elem\_of\_option\_to\_set/g;
s/collection\_not\_subset\_inv/set\_not\_subset\_inv/g;
s/seq\_set/set\_seq/g;
s/collections/sets/g;
s/collection/set/g;
' -i $(find -name "*.v")
```

Adding a hint without a database now triggers a deprecation warning in
Coq master (https://github.com/coq/coq/pull/8987).

This followed from discussions in https://gitlab.mpi-sws.org/FP/iris-coq/merge_requests/134

This allows for more control over `Hint Mode`.

This provides significant robustness against looping type class search.

As a consequence, at many places throughout the library we had to add
additional typing information to lemmas. This was to be expected, since
most of the old lemmas were ambiguous. For example:

  Section fin_collection.
    Context `{FinCollection A C}.

    size_singleton (x : A) : size {[ x ]} = 1.

In this case, the lemma does not tell us which `FinCollection` with
elements `A` we are talking about. So, `{[ x ]}` could not only refer to
the singleton operation of the `FinCollection A C` in the section, but
also to any other `FinCollection` in the development. To make this lemma
unambigious, it should be written as:

  Lemma size_singleton (x : A) : size ({[ x ]} : C) = 1.

In similar spirit, lemmas like the one below were also ambiguous:

  Lemma lookup_alter_None {A} (f : A → A) m i j :
    alter f i m !! j = None  m !! j = None.

It is not clear which finite map implementation we are talking about.
To make this lemma unambigious, it should be written as:

  Lemma lookup_alter_None {A} (f : A → A) (m : M A) i j :
    alter f i m !! j = None  m !! j = None.

That is, we have to specify the type of `m`.

See also Coq bug #5712.

Some were already maximally implicit, some were not. Now it is consistent.

This patch was created using

  find -name *.v | xargs -L 1 awk -i inplace '{from = 0} /^From/{ from = 1; ever_from = 1} { if (from == 0 && seen == 0 && ever_from == 1) { print "Set Default Proof Using \"Type*\"."; seen = 1 } }1 '

and some minor manual editing

This reverts commit 20b4ae55bdf00edb751ccdab3eb876cb9b13c99f, which does
not seem to work with Coq 8.5pl2 (I accidentally tested with 8.5pl1).

This makes type checking more directed, and somewhat more predictable.

On the downside, it makes it impossible to declare the singleton on
lists as an instance of SingletonM and the insert and alter operations
on functions as instances of Alter and Insert. However, these were not
used often anyway.

Similar files (gmap, listset, ...) were already in singular form and
matched the name of the set/map data type.

simplify_equality        => simplify_eq
simplify_equality'       => simplify_eq/=
simplify_map_equality    => simplify_map_eq
simplify_map_equality'   => simplify_map_eq/=
simplify_option_equality => simplify_option_eq
simplify_list_equality   => simplify_list_eq
f_equal'                 => f_equal/=

The /= suffixes (meaning: do simpl) are inspired by ssreflect.