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This reverts commit f3222ba2 because
it broke the machinery for determining whether a term is closed.

Example, by Morten:

  Definition dummy : val :=
    λ: <>, #true || #false.

Otherwise, some ifs are being pretty printed as || or &&.

This commit features:

- A simpler model. The recursive domain equation no longer involves a triple
  containing invariants, physical state and ghost state, but just ghost state.
  Invariants and physical state are encoded using (higher-order) ghost state.

- (Primitive) view shifts are formalized in the logic and all properties about
  it are proven in the logic instead of the model. Instead, the core logic
  features only a notion of raw view shifts which internalizing performing frame
  preserving updates.

- A better behaved notion of mask changing view shifts. In particular, we no
  longer have side-conditions on transitivity of view shifts, and we have a
  rule for introduction of mask changing view shifts |={E1,E2}=> P with
  E2 ⊆ E1 which allows to postpone performing a view shift.

- The weakest precondition connective is formalized in the logic using Banach's
  fixpoint. All properties about the connective are proven in the logic instead
  of directly in the model.

- Adequacy is proven in the logic and uses a primitive form of adequacy for
  uPred that only involves raw views shifts and laters.

Some remarks:

- I have removed binary view shifts. I did not see a way to describe all rules
  of the new mask changing view shifts using those.
- There is no longer the need for the notion of "frame shifting assertions" and
  these are thus removed. The rules for Hoare triples are thus also stated in
  terms of primitive view shifts.

TODO:

- Maybe rename primitive view shift into something more sensible
- Figure out a way to deal with closed proofs (see the commented out stuff in
  tests/heap_lang and tests/barrier_client).

This gets rid of the (ambiguous) notation %l, because we can declare
LitLoc as a coercion. It also shortens the code.

That way, we do not have useless type annotations of the form
"v : language.val heap_lang" cluttering about any goal.

Note, that we could decide to eta expand everywhere (as we do for ∀
and ∃), and use the notation "WP e {{ Q }}" for "wp e ⊤ (λ _, Q)".

Thanks to Amin Timany for the suggestion.

get rid of substitution in Case (use lambdas); introduce Match as derived form that involves binders

We no longer abuse empty strings for anonymous binders. Instead, we
now have a data type for binders: a binder is either named or
anonymous.